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Signal Electromigration (Signal EM): Violations, Examples, and Practical Fixes

  Hello Dear Readers,   Today in this post, I will provide some deep insight into the Signal Electromigration (Signal EM): Violations, Examples, and Practical Fixes. 1. Introduction: As technology nodes shrink into the deep‑submicron and nanometer regime (7nm, 5nm, 3nm and beyond), electromigration (EM) has become a first‑order reliability concern—not only for power/ground (PG) networks but also for signal nets. Signal EM failures are often underestimated because signal currents are transient and bidirectional. However, with higher switching activity, tighter metal pitches, thinner wires, and aggressive timing closure, signal EM can cause latent or early‑life failures if not addressed properly. This article explains: What Signal EM is and how it differs from PG EM Typical Signal EM violation scenarios Detailed, practical examples Root causes behind each violation Proven solutions and best practices to fix and prevent Signal EM issues 2. What is Signal Electromigration: El...
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Engineer (Modem Validation) at Qualcomm

 Hello Dear Readers,

Currently, at Qualcomm Bangalore vacancy for Engineer (Modem Validation) role.

Job Area:

Engineering Group, Engineering Group > Hardware Engineering

Qualcomm Overview:

Qualcomm is a company of inventors that unlocked 5G ushering in an age of rapid acceleration in connectivity and new possibilities that will transform industries, create jobs, and enrich lives. But this is just the beginning. It takes inventive minds with diverse skills, backgrounds, and cultures to transform 5Gs potential into world-changing technologies and products. This is the Invention Age - and this is where you come in.

General Summary:

Qualcomm's Modem Validation Team is part of the central SoC digital hardware organization responsible for the overall quality of the SoC & Modem silicon. The Validation team works closely with architects, designers, verification engineers, software engineers, and customers. The team is currently seeking a strong candidate to create content to enable the testing of the cellular modem and RF subsystem.

The position requires that the candidate is very familiar with digital communication principles and experienced with C, Python and C++ programming , that the candidate understand the embedded environment and the constraints that this type of environment brings and preferably that the candidate has a working knowledge of modem technologies and the general flow of data through the modem. The candidate should also be familiar with some analog debugging, some knowledge of RF and test equipment related to this field . 

The technical disciplines, languages and methodologies included in this team are:

  • Systems Debug (Emulation, SoC Architectures, Modem architecture HW Platforms & firmware, Cellular, Logic Analyzers, JTAG)
  • Modem VI Content Developer ( C, Assembly, Python, Scripting for Lauterbach trace32 , Matlab Subsystems: CPU Core, Modem , Digital Modem RF) Required Qualifications
  • Candidate will have a minimum of 1-3 years of experience working in emulation and silicon environments. Candidates are expected to have experience in:
  • Understanding of digital communication principles
  • Emulation environments for development and debug
  • Debugging low-level software and hardware issues
  • Implementing drivers and test content
  • Debug tools, including JTAG and kernel debuggers
  • CPU, Modem and SoC architectures
  • Basic understanding of power and performance
  • Good experience programming in C, python, and C++.

Preferred Qualifications: 

  • Experience with post-silicon enabling and bring-up
  • Knowledge of cellular technologies preferred, UMTS, LTE, etc
  • Validation and debugging of mixed analog and digital circuits
  • Experience with at least one of Python, C, C++, or Lauterbach CMM scripts

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