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Signal Electromigration (Signal EM): Violations, Examples, and Practical Fixes

  Hello Dear Readers,   Today in this post, I will provide some deep insight into the Signal Electromigration (Signal EM): Violations, Examples, and Practical Fixes. 1. Introduction: As technology nodes shrink into the deep‑submicron and nanometer regime (7nm, 5nm, 3nm and beyond), electromigration (EM) has become a first‑order reliability concern—not only for power/ground (PG) networks but also for signal nets. Signal EM failures are often underestimated because signal currents are transient and bidirectional. However, with higher switching activity, tighter metal pitches, thinner wires, and aggressive timing closure, signal EM can cause latent or early‑life failures if not addressed properly. This article explains: What Signal EM is and how it differs from PG EM Typical Signal EM violation scenarios Detailed, practical examples Root causes behind each violation Proven solutions and best practices to fix and prevent Signal EM issues 2. What is Signal Electromigration: El...
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Silicon Engineering Intern at Microsoft India

 Hello Dear Readers,

Currently, at Microsoft India vacancy for Silicon Engineering Intern role.

At Microsoft, Interns work on real-world projects in collaboration with teams across the world, while having fun along the way. You’ll be empowered to build community, explore your passions and achieve your goals. This is your chance to bring your solutions and ideas to life while working on cutting-edge technology.

Microsoft’s mission is to empower every person and every organization on the planet to achieve more. As employees we come together with a growth mindset, innovate to empower others, and collaborate to realize our shared goals. Each day we build on our values of respect, integrity, and accountability to create a culture of inclusion where everyone can thrive at work and beyond.


Qualifications:

Currently pursuing a bachelor’s degree in Electronics Engineering, Electrical & Electronics/Computer Science Engineering.

 

Preferred Qualifications (PQs):

 

Experience or classes in the following areas:

  •  Microelectronics/VLSI courses
  • Digital Logic Design and Simulation
  • Object Oriented Programming and Data Structures
  • Embedded Systems and Firmware
  • Knowledge of verification principles, testbenches, UVM
  • Knowledge of C/C++ and scripting languages
  • Experience with digital timing analysis, synthesis, place-n-route
  • Circuit design, including VLSI design and solid-state devices
  • Contribute to and improve the hardware solutions we develop.
  • Uses performance instrumentation and presents results to team and architects.
  • Think strategically, creatively, and innovate ways to communicate and visualize user experiences.
  • Implements or recommends technical solutions to common quality and design challenges, with guidance from others (including logic design, verification, circuit design, physical design, and design for test).
  • Uses standard practices to write complete design verification test cases, test benches, or automation.
  • Assists in writing tests for formal pre-silicon verification of subsystems within a single block; includes the use of simulation and emulation tools, as well as tests for signal integrity, to prevent bugs/failures before production

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