Hello Dear Readers, Today in this post, I will provide some deep insight into the Signal Electromigration (Signal EM): Violations, Examples, and Practical Fixes. 1. Introduction: As technology nodes shrink into the deep‑submicron and nanometer regime (7nm, 5nm, 3nm and beyond), electromigration (EM) has become a first‑order reliability concern—not only for power/ground (PG) networks but also for signal nets. Signal EM failures are often underestimated because signal currents are transient and bidirectional. However, with higher switching activity, tighter metal pitches, thinner wires, and aggressive timing closure, signal EM can cause latent or early‑life failures if not addressed properly. This article explains: What Signal EM is and how it differs from PG EM Typical Signal EM violation scenarios Detailed, practical examples Root causes behind each violation Proven solutions and best practices to fix and prevent Signal EM issues 2. What is Signal Electromigration: El...
Hello Dear Readers, Today in this post, I will provide some deep insight into Low Power Design: Common Power Format syntax and how to implement it. CPF (Common Power Format) CPF is power intent as similar as UPF which we have seen earlier. CPF structure is like UPF, only difference is UPF is handled by Synopsys VC static/dynamic tool, whereas CPF is handled only by Cadence’s CLP tool. Below is Low Power flow for CPF: CPF Implementation Flow Commands of CPF and UPF are much more similar only difference is in few syntax, will try to write CPF for below design block: Commands of CPF and UPF are much more similar only difference is in few syntax, let’s have glance of CPF commands below: #Definition of top domain set_design top #Define the top power domain create_power_domain –name pdTOP –default #Define pdA create_power...